Battle of the Atlantic Notes - 1182 Words

Battle of the Atlantic The Battle of the Atlantic played a very significant part in World War Two. In World War Two, after the escape atDunkirk and the inspiration of the Battle of Britain, the Battle of the Atlantic was Britain s next nightmare. The Battle of the Atlantic was the only thing that ever frightened me. Winston Churchill. As an island Britain needed to bring in a vast amount of food and military equipment to survive the war. The German submarine force (U-boats) severely damaged our ability to survive the war - hence Churchill’s quote above when he feared we would be starved out of the war. A great deal of our raw materials came from America and therefore had to cross the Atlantic. In normal times this journey could†¦show more content†¦In August 1940 the US gave Britain 50 destroyers in exchange for Atlantic naval bases †¢ The name Battle of the Atlantic was coined by Winston Churchill in February 1941. It has been called the longest, largest, and most complex naval battle in history. †¢ The situation changed constantly, with one side or the other gaining advantage, as new weapons, tactics, counter-measures, and equipment were developed by both sides. The Allies gradually gained the upper hand, overcoming German surface raiders by the end of 1942 (withdrawn on Hitler s orders) and defeating the U-boats by mid-1943, though losses to U-boats continued to war s end. Allies won because Eight things helped the Allies to stop the U-boat menace. 1. The work of the British codebreakers at Bletchley Park in deciphering the German Enigma code was vital in giving the Allied navies the edge in the Battle of the Atlantic. In February 1942, however, the German code was improved, resulting in ‘the Drumbeat crisis’ when shipping losses were their greatest – until March 1943, when the German code was again broken. 2. Sonar had been invented before World War I, but after 1942 the US Navy Department developed ‘console sonar’ which could plot accurate bearings using an echo ‘ping’. Training of sonar operators was also improved. 3. Radar was improved so that U-boats could even be detected in bad weather. 4. The British developed HF/DF (‘huff-duff’), wherebyShow MoreRelatedThe Longest Day890 Words   |  4 Pagesin Dublin, Ireland in 1920, worked as a reporter covering the battles in Europe from 1941-1945 and then the final months of the Pacific Campaign. His articles were printed in both Reuters and the London Daily Telegraph. His first book was The Longest Day, published in 1959, selling over 4 million copies in 27 different editions. In 1962 a director named Darryl Zannuck made the book into a movie. Ryan#8217;s next book was The Last Battle, published in 1966. His final book, A Bridge Too Far, was publishedRead More Book Critique of The Longest Day Essays883 Words   |  4 Pagesborn in Dublin, Ireland in 1920, worked as a reporter covering the battles in Europe from 1941-1945 and then the final months of the Pacific Campaign. His articles were printed in both Reuters and the London Daily Telegraph. His first book was The Longest Day, published in 1959, selling over 4 million copies in 27 different editions. In 1962 a director named Darryl Zannuck made the book into a movie. Ryans next book was The Last Battle, published in 1966. His final book, A Bridge Too Far, was publishedRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II878 Words   |  4 PagesFor example, Overy writes that the Soviet Union only produced two main tank types and five main aircraft types. (Overy, 185) While centralized planning and simplification fueled the Soviet War machine, they slowed down German production. The author notes that Germany much preferred sophisticated and diverse machinery to simple, mass-produced models that they regarded as ‘cheap’. (Overy, 201) Additionally, the German economy depended upon military demands and specifications, opening the path for stiflingRead MoreThe United States1391 Words   |  6 Pagesneutral American merchant ships heading to German ports. Most seized neutral merchant ships having turned back, the British blockade drov e Germany to the verge of mass starvation. The German navy was incapable of defeating the Royal Navy in naval battles, and the German navy conceived the strategy of using underwater warfare to harass and imperil the maritime trade of the British Empire in the hope that the British warships maintaining the blockade would be redirected to protecting vital sea routesRead MoreHistory Notes on Ww21625 Words   |  7 Pages19.1 NOTES European Aggressors on the March In 1935, Mussolini attacks Ethiopia to build a colonial empire. League of Nations does not stop aggression. In 1935 Hitler begins rebuilding the German army. In 1936 Germany occupies Rhineland. Britain urges appeasement, a policy of giving in to aggression. In 1936, Germany, Italy, and Japan – the Axis power-form and alliance. Democratic Nations Try to Preserve Peace United States follows an isolationist policy. Isolationism- avoidance ofRead MoreWar I And World War II1517 Words   |  7 PagesMexico s war and help it recover the territories of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. The United Kingdom intercepted the message and presented it to the US embassy in the UK. From there it made its way to President Wilson who released the Zimmerman note to the public. Wilson called on antiwar elements to end all wars, by winning this one and eliminating militarism from the globe. He argued that the war was so important that the US had to be a part of it. The United States pursued a policy of non-interventionRead MoreThe Effects Of Afrique Engagee On Africa1083 Words   |  5 PagesThe term â€Å"Afrique Engagà ©e† is generally a dynamic of the impacts of other continents and countries outside of Africa that played a big role in the Atlantic Slave trade and in the long run caused Africa to have a huge delay in it’s development. This concept includes exports of slaves by sex and age, prices of exports, changes in quantity of slaves, and the products/resources that were big in trade. Afrique Engagà ©e caused Europe to have so much power and success over Africa based on Africa’s goodsRead MoreWw2 Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesAllied victory seemed impossible, until the United States entered the war in December 1941. It was a turnaround and a triumph of American material and logistics superiority. Canadian contributions were not as decisive, yet helped provide stability and note-worthy support to America’s swift and decisive military actions, which helped to bring the war to a predictable end. The Canadian effort was more intrinsic, in nature, and was not very impactful; however Canada’s support to Great Britain proved toRead MoreMEMORIES OF THE SLAVE TRADE1000 Words   |  4 Pagesslavery and subjugation. Shaw notes that â€Å"there are diverse techniques of remembering the past than by discussing it† (Shaw 2002: 2). Situating herself amazingly well in the open deliberation on memory and epitome, Shaw battles that as opposed to being restricted to the breaks brought about by colonialism, habitus ought to be seen as consolidating such cracks. Memory is along these lines not contradictory to modernity (Nora 1989). Collected precolonial memories of the Atlantic slave exchange may be layeredRead MoreA Brief Note On The War Of 1812946 Words   |  4 Pagesmerchant ships, while the British blockaded the Atlantic coast of the United States. On land, battles were fought on American-Canadian frontier; it ran along the Great Lakes, Saint Lawrence River, and Lake C hamplain. The Gulf Coast also saw land battles, which the American forces defeated British’s Indian allies and the British invasion at New Orleans. Most of the British forces were tied down in Europe fighting in the Napoleonic Wars. The battle ended when Belgium signed the Treaty Ghent. In the